Since Colonial times the "blue robin" or bluebird has been one of our most beloved birds. As a symbol of hope and happiness we have welcomed this bird to our homes. Unfortunately, because of the destruction of habitat, competition from imported bird species, and environmental degradation, the bluebird population has declined up to 90%. Bluebirds are one of only a few cavity-nesting birds native to the United States. Dead trees and wooden fences that once provided nesting sites have been disappearing. The few cavity sites left are competed for by the more aggressive imported house sparrows and starlings. The bluebird needs your help if it is to survive. Properly made nesting boxes provide breeding sites that can save this species from extinction. These nesting boxes must have an entrance hole of 1 1/2 inches. This will keep out the starlings. To keep out the sparrows mount the box at low elevation, but at least three feet above ground level. In areas where climbing predators such as snakes and raccoons are a problem, mount the box on a 5-foot metal pole for a finished height of 4 1/2 to 5 feet. Mount a predator guard between the bluebird box and 10-12 inches off the ground. The box should have the ability to be opened so nests of sparrows and old bluebird nests can be removed. Bluebirds are territorial, so the boxes should be at least 100 yards apart. The best habitat is an open area in front of the box with scattered trees to the sides and behind. The nearby ground should not be covered with tall undergrowth. Bluebirds have 2-3 broods a year, laying from 3-6 eggs each time. Incubation requires 14 days. The young need 18 days to mature. The breeding season starts early in Virginia, often as early as February. Bluebirds like to shop around for houses starting in January. Please get your new bluebird houses up in January or clean out your old boxes then. This bluebird house is made by the Master Gardeners of Williamsburg/ James City County. It is made of second growth cedar, which needs no preservative. The use of second growth wood protects our virgin stands of old growth trees. Profits from these sales support James City County/Williamsburg Master Gardeners and Virginia Cooperative Extension educational programs in horticulture for the greater James City County community. Activities include horticultural therapy programs for children and senior citizens, spring and fall seminars on horticultural topics, beautification projects, and demonstration projects to show both new and experienced gardeners new methods and technology in horticultural science. Thank you for your support in helping the bluebirds and our local community. From early 1991 to July 2006 we have made over 1,800 bluebird boxes!